As an undergraduate at Villanova University, Marc Rothenberg studied history and astronomy. He received his Ph.D. in the history and philosophy of science from Bryn Mawr College. After a thirty-one year career with the Joseph Henry Papers Project at the Smithsonian Institution, including twenty-one years as editor and director, he became the agency historian for the National Science Foundation in 2006. He has published on nineteenth- and early twentieth-century astronomy. He was one of the co-founders, along with Michael Crowe and John Lankford, of the Notre Dame Biennial History of Astronomy Workshops.